There is no question that physical exercise can be helpful in fibromyalgia. It's generally described a "first-line treatment for FM; i.e. it's the first treatment doctors often prescribe. Exercise is almost certainly the best studied treatment option for FM. Dozens and dozens of studies have shown that moderate exercise can have significantly positive effects and more studies are coming out all the time.
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View attachment 1623 [/fright]Over the past two years no less than 18 studies have examined exercise in FM. In fact so many exercise studies have been done that in 2014 a meta-review of meta-reviews of exercise in FM was done.
Exercise is a hit in FM.
Exercise and Fibromyalgia
Let's look what the studies say about the benefits of exercise. A recent meta-review indicated that the exercise prescriptions for FM are quite mild; we're not talking about running marathons or in many cases running at all. A meta-review recommended that exercises of slight to moderate intensity be done twenty to thirty minutes, two or three times per week.
Exercise didn't have any impact on sleep, had
small impacts on pain, fatigue, depression and quality of life. and medium impacts on physical fitness.
Whether its Tai chi, yoga, swimming or walking it doesn't seem to really matter. (Some indications suggest resistance exercises may be a bit more helpful.)
A
recent study aimed at increasing the number of steps taken a day from inactive (@4,000) to almost active (<10,000) steps a day found that doing so had positive outcomes on Fibromyalgia Impact Quotient, pain intensity, pain interference and depression scores.
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View attachment 1624 [/fleft]The Fibromyalgia Impact Quotient did, in fact, drop twelve points - a significant amount - but at the end of the study it was still at 54 out of a possible 100 (with zero being FM has no impact; i.e. no FM). Pain intensity dropped from 6 to 5 but 5 was still nowhere being pain-free (0 = pain-free). A similar pattern prevailed across the other measures; according to the statistics there was very, very little chance that exercise was not the cause of their improvement (p<.0001) but how much better were they?
One indication that the researchers might have been more pleased with the study than the patients were showed up in the 6 and 12 month follow ups. By the six and 12 month follow up most of the patients had returned to their normal activity levels. That hardly suggests exercise made a radical difference in their lives.
The medical community seems almost driven to overstate any positive findings. The meta-review referred to earlier found minimal effects of exercise on pain and fatigue and depression
but note its conclusion (below)- and think what a busy doctor who might take from that.
There's nothing inaccurate about this statement - it's just incomplete. Exercise does reduce pain, fatigue, etc. but while the effects are significant they are also small. (Only in medicine can something have significant and small effects at the same time….)
The fact that physical exercise and cognitive-behavioural therapy are considered
first-line treatments for FM may say more about how effective the medical profession is in treating FM than anything.
The Mayo clinic does a fairly good job with exercise and FM. It acknowledges that exercise is probably the last thing a FM patient feels like doing and that it
may help reduce your pain.
If you have
fibromyalgia with painful tender points, deep
muscle pain, and
fatigue,
exercise is probably the last thing on your mind. Yet, exercise may be just what the doctor ordered. Whether it's daily walks,
stretching,
swimming,
yoga,
tai chi, or
Pilates, low-impact
exercise programs can keep you fit in spite of your
fibromyalgia -- and may help reduce your pain, as well.
It's too glib "exercise may be just what the doctor ordered", however, makes exercise sound as if it might be some magic pill.
The list of positive effects the Mayo clinic attributes to exercise is a long one
- Burning calories and making weight control easier
- Giving range-of-motion to painful muscles and joints
- Improving a person's outlook on life
- Improving quality of sleep
- Improving one's sense of well-being
- Improving aerobic capacity
- Improving cardiovascular health
- Increasing energy
- Placing the responsibility of healing in the hands of the patient
- Reducing anxiety levels and depression
- Relieving stress associated with a chronic disease
- Stimulating growth hormone secretion
- 'Stimulating the secretion of endorphins or "happy hormones"
- Strengthening bones
- Strengthening muscles
- Relieving pain
All these are undoubtedly true. (Notice that relieving pain is the last one mentioned). What’s lost in the translation though is the context. When FM patients read increased energy - they probably envision abundant energy; when they see pain relief - they probably envision freedom from pain; when they see improving quality of sleep they probably envision waking up rested.
The studies indicate they will probably get a small reduction in fatigue, a small reduction in pain and maybe a little better sleep. The disconnect between the medical profession appears to be offering and what it is offering is immense.
By the way studies do not, as the Mayo Clinic suggests indicate that exercise increases serotonin levels, or endorphins. Nor do most studies suggest that it rebalances the autonomic nervous system. It may help with HPA axis functioning and inflammation, however.
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View attachment 1625 [/fright]This is not an anti-exercise blog, or is it meant to suggest that FM patients shouldn't exercise. Maintaining physical fitness is important and exercise may help you stave off serious future problems. Plus studies indicate that it generally does help but if your doctor looks at you and says you just need to exercise or believes exercise will play a significant factor in returning you to normal health, perhaps you need to find another doctor.
The medical community has a great desire to find something that helps. Helping people, after all, is why doctors become doctors and doing so helps them legitimize themselves. Overstating the potential of a treatment, however, can leave patients questioning their doctors and themselves.
One question is why, given its moderate effects, exercise has so captured the imagination of research funders. One meta-review examined more than 70 FM exercise studies. As of this writing nine more were underway at clinicaltrials.gov. A recent study asked whether walking in a mature vs a second growth forest was more beneficial in FM. I am all for getting out into nature but is yet another permutation of an exercise study going to move the bar in FM?
How have you done with exercise? Has it been a great help? A moderate help? Not much of help? What does your doctor say about it? Let us know.